Sucesos adversos relacionados con las úlceras por presión¿un problema evitable?

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The appearance of a pressure ulcer (PU) and the worsening of a preexisting always going to consider adverse effects (AE) and its preventability conmorbilidad depend on the patient. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological magnitude of the problem of pressure ulcers as an adverse effect associated with hospital care and primary care. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive epidemiologic study. Document evaluation and critical reading of the multicenter studies ENEAS APEAS and IBEAS. Literature search of articles associated with AE and PU. Intra-observer method. Descriptive statistics. RESULTS: PU by AE are grouped as related to the monitoring of the patient or the care they need. At the hospital level accounted for 0.3% of all AE, and 0.4% in primary care. Causality is related to inadequate assessment and monitoring of the patient. Its impact is an increase of 4-7 days of hospital stay and increased demand for complementary tests. 40% of the PU by AE are usually mild / moderate and between 55-70% are preventable. CONCLUSIONS: AE by PU is a rare, but its negative impact on health and safety of the individual does prolong the hospital stay and increased health and social costs. The high rate and preventability, make the PU can be prevented with proper nursing care and, in particular, using valid assessment scales to identify patients at risk, as well as the implementation of protocols and clinical guidelines, and improve employment skills and training to prevent them.