Factores de riesgo cardiovascular y el índice tobillo-brazo
ISSN: 1138-7262
Ano de publicación: 2015
Volume: 18
Número: 7
Tipo: Artigo
Outras publicacións en: Metas de enfermería
Resumo
Objective: to analyze the relationship between the presence of cardiovascular risk factors (diabetes, hypertension (HT), smoking and dyslipidemia) and the predictive values of the ankle-arm index (AAI) regarding Peripheral Arterial Disease. Method: an analytical observational study of cohorts, conducted from January, 2013 to January, 2014 in the Primary Care setting of the Vigo healthcare area, focused on the Health Centre Rosalía de Castro. Follow-up was conducted for two cohorts of patients over 50-year-old without Peripheral Arterial Disease, one of them with some risk factor, such as HT, diabetes, dyslipidemia and smoking (exposed cohort), and another cohort where patients had no risk factor (non-exposed cohort). In both, the ankle-arm index (AAI) had been measured. The rates of incidence of AAI+ and relative risk (RR) were calculated for each one of the risk factors. Results: an incidence of AAI+ was observed in patients with HT of 3.9% with a 0.97 RR [0.22-4.22], of 6.2% in patients with dyslipidemia with a 1.54 RR [0.42-5.55], of 11.4% in smoking patients with a 2.85 RR [0.75-10.8] and of 6.2% in diabetic patients with a 1.56 RR [0.43-5.62]. In patients without any risk factor, the incidence of AAI+ observed was 4%. Conclusions: this study has not been able to demonstrate that there is a statistically significant relationship between the presence of a cardiovascular risk factor and having an AAI+, though the rates of AAI+ incidence appear higher in smoking patients, followed by those with dyslipidemia and diabetes.
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