Implantación de un programa nutricional y de actividad física en la gestación. Ensayo clínico aleatorizado

Abstract

Introduction: The type of feeding and physical activity performed during pregnancy has a clinical impact on maternal-fetal health and the newborn. Method: The objective of the study was to demonstrate that a care plan in nursing specifically based on nutritional and physical activity recommendations helps control weight maternal gain, improves the rate of normal deliveries and the rate of newborn appropriate for gestational age. Clinical study with randomization, open and performed in a single center. A sample of 142 pregnant women in the study group and 207 pregnant women in the control group was analyzed. The data were processed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences establishing a significant value of p <0.05 program. Results: The control weight maternal gain was lower in the study group vs. control group (6.94 ± 3.24 vs. 10.55 ± 4.78, p = 0.000), presenting the study group pregnant increased rate of weight in the newborn appropriate for gestational age (85 2% - 81.2%, p = 0.038) and vaginal delivery (76.8% - 34.3%, p = 0.000). Conclusions: The proposed care plan in nursing improves maternal control weight maternal gain, increases the rate of appropriate for gestational age newborn and type of vaginal delivery.