Implementación de un cribado de fragilidad desde atención primaria en el Área Sanitaria de Ferrol

  1. Pablo Díaz Vidal 1
  2. Zaira Tojo Mañá 2
  1. 1 Centro de Salud Neda. Neda, A Coruña
  2. 2 Centro de Salud. Cedeira. Cedeira, A Coruña
Revista:
Gerokomos: Revista de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Geriátrica y Gerontológica

ISSN: 1134-928X

Año de publicación: 2024

Volumen: 35

Número: 1

Páginas: 13-18

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Gerokomos: Revista de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Geriátrica y Gerontológica

Resumen

Objectives: To know the prevalence of frailty among subjects aged 70 or over who attend the primary care nursing consultation, as well as to know the variables associated with the presence of frailty. Methodology: Cross-sectional observational study in which, after convenience sampling, the Short Physical Performance Battery was used to screen 114 patients for frailty. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the variables associated with frailty. Results: 35.4% of the subjects studied were classified as frail after performing the physical function tests. The variables associated with frailty in the multivariate analysis were age, residence environment, risk of falls, taking oral anticoagulants, and slow insulin treatment. Conclusions: This study has evidenced the high existing prevalence of frailty, highlighting the importance of this type of screening and the relevance of primary care nursing contributing to its detection and management.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • 1. Fried LP, Ferrucci L, Darer J, Williamson JD, Anderson G. Untangling the concepts of disability, frailty, and comorbidity: implications for improved targeting and care. J Gerontol Biol Sci Med. 2004;59:255-63.
  • 2. Kojima G, Liljas A, Iliffe S. Frailty syndrome: implications and challenges for health care policy. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2019;12:23-30.
  • 3. Documento de consenso sobre prevención de fragilidad y caídas en la persona mayor. Estrategia de Promoción de la Salud y Prevención en el SNS. Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad; 2014.
  • 4. Fang X, Shi J, Song X, Mitnitski A, Tang Z, Wang C, et al. Frailty in relation to the risk of falls, fractures, and mortality in older Chinese adults: results from the Beijing Longitudinal Study of Aging. J Nutr Health Aging. 2012;16:903-7.
  • 5. Cawthon PM, Marshall LM, Michael Y, Dam T-T, Ensrud KE, Barrett-Connor E, et al. Frailty in older men: prevalence, progression, and relationship with mortality. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007;55:1216-23.
  • 6. Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, Newman AB, Hirsch C, Gottdiener J, et al. Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol Biol Sci Med. 2001;56:M146-57.
  • 7. Rockwood K, Song X, MacKnight C, Bergman H, Hogan DB, McDowell I, et al. A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. CMAJ. 2005;173:489-95.
  • 8. Advantageja. Qué es una acción conjunta. Disponible en: https:// www.advantageja.eu/index.php/es/about-us-2/what-is-ja-es
  • 9. Ministerio de Sanidad. Actualización del documento de consenso sobre prevención de la fragilidad en la persona mayor (2022). Madrid: Ministerio de Sanidad; 2022.
  • 10. O’Caoimh R, Galluzzo L, Rodríguez-Laso A, Van der Heyden J, Hylen Ranhoff A, Lamprini-Koula M, et al; Work Package 5 of the Joint Action ADVANTAGE. Prevalence of frailty at population level in European ADVANTAGE Joint Action Member States: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2018;54:226-38.
  • 11. Castell Alcalá MV, Otero Puime Á, Sánchez Santos MT, Garrido Barral A, González Montalvo JI, Zunzunegui MV. Prevalencia de fragilidad en una población urbana de mayores de 65 años y su relación con comorbilidad y discapacidad. Aten Primaria. 2010;42:520-7.
  • 12. Garcia-Garcia FJ, Gutierrez Avila G, Alfaro-Acha A, Amor Andres MS, De La Torre Lanza MA, Escribano Aparicio MV, et al; Toledo Study Group. The prevalence of frailty syndrome in an older population from Spain. The Toledo Study for Healthy Aging. J Nutr Health Aging. 2011;15:852-6.
  • 13. Santos-Eggimann B, Cuénoud P, Spagnoli J, Junod J. Prevalence of frailty in middle-aged and older community-dwelling Europeans living in 10 countries. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2009;64A:675-81.
  • 14. Papiol M, Serra-Prat M, Vico J, Jerez N, Salvador N, Garcia M, et al. Poor muscle strength and low physical activity are the most prevalent frailty components in community-dwelling older adults. J Aging Phys Act. 2016;24:363-8.
  • 15. Garre-Olmo J, Calvó-Perxas L, López-Pousa S, De Gracia Blanco M, Vilalta-Franch J. Prevalence of frailty phenotypes and risk of mortality in a community-dwelling elderly cohort. Age Ageing. 2013;42:46-51.
  • 16. León-Muñoz LM, Guallar-Castillón P, López-García E, Rodríguez-Artalejo F. Mediterranean diet and risk of frailty in community-dwelling older adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2014;15:899-903.
  • 17. Acosta-Benito MA, Sevilla-Machuca I. Using prefrailty to detect early disability. J Family Community Med. 2016;23:140-4.
  • 18. Carneiro JA, Cardoso RR, Durães MS, Araújo Guedes MC, Leão Santos F, Marques da Costa F, et al. Frailty in the elderly: prevalence and associated factors. Rev Bras Enferm. 2017;70:747-52.
  • 19. Boyd CM, Xue QL, Simpson CF, Guralnik JM, Fried LP. Frailty, hospitalization, and progression of disability in a cohort of disabled older women. Am J Med. 2005;118:1225-31.
  • 20. Collard RM, Boter H, Schoevers RA, Oude Voshaar RC. Prevalence of frailty in community-dwelling older persons: A systematic review. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2012;60:1487-92.
  • 21. Clegg A, Young J, Iliffe S, Rikkert MO, Rockwood K. Frailty in elderly people. Lancet. 2013;381:752-62.
  • 22. Ma L, Tang Z, Zhang L, Sun F, Li Y, Chan P. Prevalence of frailty and associated factors in the community-dwelling population of China. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2018;66:559-64.
  • 23. Abe T, Kitamura A, Seino S, Yokoyama Y, Amano H, Taniguchi Y, et al. Differences in the prevalence of and factors associated with frailty in five Japanese residential areas. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16:3974.
  • 24. Woo J, Zheng Z, Leung J, Chan P. Prevalence of frailty and contributory factors in three Chinese populations with different socioeconomic and healthcare characteristics. BMC Geriatr. 2015;15:163.
  • 25. Afilalo J, Karunananthan S, Eisenberg MJ, Alexander KP, Bergman H. Role of frailty in patients with cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol. 2009;103:1616-21.
  • 26. Uchikado Y, Ikeda Y, Ohishi M. Current Understanding of the Role of Frailty in Cardiovascular Disease. Circ J. 2020;84:1903-8.
  • 27. Barzilay JI, Blaum C, Moore T, Xue QL, Hirsch CH, Walston JD, et al. Insulin resistance and inflammation as precursors of frailty: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167: 635-41.
  • 28. Pérez-Tasigchana RF, León-Muñoz LM, Lopez-Garcia E, Gutierrez-Fisac JL, Laclaustra , Rodríguez-Artalejo F, et al. Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance are associated with frailty in older adults: a prospective cohort study. Age Ageing. 2017;46:807-12.
  • 29. Abbatecola AM, Ferrucci L, Ceda G, Russo CR, Lauretani F, Bandinelli S, et al. Insulin resistance and muscle strength in older persons. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2005;60:1278-82.
  • 30. Navarrete Reyes A, Avila-Funes JA. [Diabetes mellitus and the syndrome of frailty in the elderly]. Rev Invest Clin. 2010;62: 327-32.
  • 31. Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, Newman AB, Hirsch C, Gottdiener J, et al; Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56:M146-57.
  • 32. Cheng MH, Chang SF. Frailty as a risk factor for falls among community dwelling people: Evidence from a meta-analysis. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2017;49:529-36.
  • 33. Lu Z, Er Y, Zhan Y, Deng X, Jin Y, Ye P, et al. Association of frailty status with risk of fall among middle-aged and older adults in China: A nationally representative cohort study. J Nutr Health Aging. 2021;25:985-92.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet